The key is to use real Śveta Chandana—the heartwood of Santalum album—and to keep each preparation in its proper lane. Sandalwood paste and sandalwood-scented water are everyday external summer allies; internal use belongs under professional guidance and with verified, food-grade material.

Understanding Chandana’s Ayurvedic Profile

Śveta Chandana is described in the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India as the dried heartwood of Santalum album Linn. Its rasa is Madhura and Tikta, its guna are Laghu and Ruksha, its virya is Śīta, and its vipaka is Katu. Its listed actions include Pittahara, Kaphahara, Varnya, Durgandhahara, Dāhapraśamana, and Tṛṣṇāhara. In plain language, Ayurveda values it for cooling heat, soothing burning sensations, supporting complexion, reducing unpleasant odor, and easing thirst-related heat discomfort.

This profile is why Chandana becomes so useful in Grishma. Charaka’s summer regimen favors sweet, cold, liquid, and unctuous foods and drinks, avoidance of heat-aggravating habits, cool shelters, and local application of Chandana. Ashtanga Hridaya also describes applying Chandana paste in summer to relieve heat-related exhaustion.

1. Chandana Lepa (Sandalwood Paste)

Chandana Lepa is the most direct and traditional external form. It is applied as a thin cooling paste on the forehead, chest, arms, neck, and soles when the body feels heated, flushed, or uncomfortable in summer.

How to Make It

Traditional method: Rub a genuine sandalwood stick on a clean, flat grinding stone with a few drops of cool water until a smooth paste forms. This produces a fresh, aromatic paste from the heartwood itself.

Practical method: Mix 1 teaspoon of pure Santalum album heartwood powder with enough rose water, plain cool water, or a little coconut water to form a smooth paste. For dry skin, add a few drops of cold-pressed coconut oil. The paste should be spreadable but not runny.

Where to Apply

Apply a thin layer to the forehead, temples, upper chest, back of the neck, arms, or soles of the feet. Keep it for 15–30 minutes, then rinse with cool or lukewarm water. Before applying to a large area, test a small patch of skin first, especially if your skin is sensitive.

• Forehead and temples: Useful when summer heat is felt in the head or face.
• Chest and neck: Useful when heat, sweat, and body odor are prominent.
• Soles of the feet: A gentle bedtime application, especially when combined with a little coconut oil.

Timing: Evening and pre-bedtime are ideal. In strong heat, it may also be used before bathing.

2. Chandanodaka (Sandalwood Water)

Chandanodaka means sandalwood water. In Charaka’s summer regimen, sandalwood-cooled water appears as an external cooling aid, used with fans and touch to reduce the burden of heat. This makes it especially useful for compresses, wiping, and cooling cloths in Grishma.

Preparation

Add 1 teaspoon of pure sandalwood powder to 500 ml of clean, previously boiled and cooled water. Let it stand for 1–2 hours, then strain through fine muslin. Use the strained water the same day.

How to Use It

Soak a clean cotton cloth in the strained water and place it on the forehead, neck, or wrists for 5–10 minutes. It can also be used to wipe the arms, chest, and back after returning from heat exposure. Do not use cosmetic-grade powder for internal drinking.

For internal use, follow a qualified practitioner’s direction. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia gives the adult dose of Chandana powder as 3–6 g in powder form, but that does not mean every household sandalwood powder is suitable for drinking. Internal use requires correct identity, purity, and assessment of the person’s condition.

3. Chandana Taila (Sandalwood Oil)

Sandalwood essential oil is concentrated and should be treated differently from paste or powder. It should not be swallowed, should not be applied undiluted, and should be used sparingly. In summer, its best role is as a diluted aromatic oil for skin comfort and fragrance.

Diluted Body Oil

Mix 8–10 drops of pure sandalwood essential oil into 100 ml of cold-pressed coconut oil. Shake well and label the bottle clearly. Apply a small amount before bathing or after bathing on slightly damp skin. Focus on the scalp line, arms, chest, and feet rather than using a heavy full-body coating in extreme humidity.

Room Fragrance

Add 1–2 drops of sandalwood essential oil to a diffuser or a bowl of warm water for a gentle evening fragrance. Keep the aroma mild, ventilate the room, and stop use if it causes headache, throat irritation, nausea, or breathing discomfort.

Pulse Point Application

Use only diluted oil. Apply a tiny amount to the wrists or behind the ears as a natural sandalwood fragrance. This is pleasant in summer and avoids the heaviness of synthetic perfumes, but it should be avoided on broken, inflamed, or allergy-prone skin.

4. Chandana Churna as a Summer Body Powder

Before modern perfumed powders, Indian households used simple herbal powders to keep the skin dry, fragrant, and comfortable. Chandana combines well with other cooling aromatic herbs such as Ushira and Musta.

Summer Body Powder Recipe

Use this as a dry external powder after bathing or whenever sweat collects in folds of the skin.

• Chandana powder: 4 tablespoons
• Ushira powder: 2 tablespoons
• Musta powder: 1 tablespoon
• Optional: finely powdered rose petals, 1 tablespoon

Mix thoroughly and store in a clean, dry, airtight jar. Apply lightly to the neck, underarms, inner elbows, under the breast fold, behind knees, or other sweat-prone areas. Do not rub aggressively. Avoid use on open cuts, active infection, oozing eczema, or irritated skin.

Shelf life: About 3 months if kept dry and handled with a clean spoon. Discard it if the fragrance changes, moisture enters, or any mold appears.

5. Chandanasava (Classical Fermented Preparation)

Chandanasava is a classical fermented formulation listed in the Ayurvedic Formulary of India, with Śveta Chandana as the first ingredient along with herbs such as Hrivera, Musta, Gambhari, Utpala, Priyangu, Padmaka, Lodhra, Manjistha, Rakta Chandana, Patha, Kiratatikta, Nyagrodha, Pippali, Shati, Parpata, Madhuka, Rasna, Patola, Kanchanara, Amra bark, Mocarasa, Dhataki, Draksha, sugar, and jaggery.

Dose and Use

The Ayurvedic Formulary of India lists the adult dose as 12–24 ml. It should be taken only when appropriate for the person and condition, usually with water and under guidance. It is not simply a casual summer beverage.

Classical indications listed for Chandanasava include Śukrameha, Mūtrakṛcchra, Hṛdroga, Balakṣaya, Kārśya, and Agnimāndya. For summer self-care, most people should stay with external Chandana paste, sandalwood water compresses, and gentle aromatic use unless a practitioner prescribes internal medicine.

Sourcing Real Chandana: The Quality Problem

Real Santalum album heartwood is valuable, slow-growing, and often adulterated or substituted. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia describes genuine sandalwood powder as light-brown and aromatic, with numerous oil globules microscopically, and sets identity and purity standards including limits for foreign matter, ash, extractives, and volatile oil.

Look for a label that clearly says Santalum album heartwood. Avoid products that only say “sandal fragrance,” “chandan perfume powder,” or “red sandalwood” when you need white sandalwood. Red sandalwood is a different plant, Pterocarpus santalinus, with different properties and uses.

Good Chandana has a subtle, persistent, creamy-woody aroma. It should not smell like synthetic perfume, incense chemicals, or sharp solvent. For internal preparations, rely only on pharmacy-grade or practitioner-sourced material with identity and purity assurance.

Buy from established Ayurvedic pharmacies or government-backed sandalwood sources that provide species identification, batch details, and quality testing. For essential oil, choose a supplier that identifies the botanical name, plant part, country of origin, and purity testing.

A Summer Day with Chandana

A Chandana-centered summer routine does not require using every form every day. Choose the right form for the moment: paste for direct cooling, sandalwood water for compresses, diluted oil for fragrance and skin comfort, body powder for sweat-prone areas, and classical internal medicines only when professionally advised.

1. Morning: After bathing, dust a small amount of Chandana-Ushira-Musta body powder on sweat-prone areas.
2. Midday: Use Chandanodaka as a cool cloth on the forehead, neck, or wrists after heat exposure.
3. Pre-bath: Apply diluted Chandana oil in coconut oil for 10–15 minutes, then bathe.
4. Evening: Apply a thin Chandana Lepa to the forehead, chest, or soles if the body feels overheated.
5. Bedtime: Use a very mild sandalwood aroma in the room or a tiny amount of diluted oil on the wrists.
6. Practitioner-directed only: Use internal Chandana powder or Chandanasava only when prescribed for your constitution and condition.

Used this way, Chandana remains what Ayurveda has always valued it for: a refined summer ally for heat, burning discomfort, fragrance, complexion, and Pitta-heavy seasonal strain.

Consult a qualified Ayurvedic practitioner or healthcare provider before internal use of Chandana preparations, before using essential oils during pregnancy or breastfeeding, and if you have kidney disease, urinary symptoms, chronic skin disease, allergies, or are taking regular medicines.

References

1. Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India
2. Charaka Samhita — Tasyashiteeya Adhyaya
3. Pocketayurveda (pocketayurveda.com)
4. Dravyaguna notes
5. NCCIH
6. Mayoclinichealthsystem (mayoclinichealthsystem.org)
7. Link (link.springer.com)
8. Threatenedtaxa (threatenedtaxa.org)